Genome sequence analysis of the c. Kroppenstedtii isolates are susceptible to most antibiotics tested except for fosfomycin 20 23 25 variable results have been obtained for co trimoxazole 23 29 33 nevertheless resistance to penicillin.
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Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii is an unusual member of this taxon as it lacks the characteristic mycolic acids in the cell envelope.
Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii susceptibility. Human infections associated with corynebacterium kroppenstedtii are rarely reported and this organism is usually described as antibiotic sensitive. Despite over a dozen studies there is no guidance on surgical interventions steroid use or dosing or duration of antibiotic treatment. As c kroppenstedtii mastitis is rare understanding of pathogenesis of this disease is limited.
Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii is a difficult pathogen associated with granulomatous mastitis and recurrent breast abscesses. Despite over a dozen studies there is no guidance on surgical interventions steroid use or dosing or duration of antibiotic treatment. Kroppenstedtii infections have been associated with breast pathology in women and have been described in new zealand france canada india and japan.
Kroppenstedtii is generally susceptible to many antibiotics excluding β lactams and lipophilic antibiotics such as minocycline doxycycline ciprofloxacin and pristinamycin may be chosen to treat gm. They are widely distributed in nature in the microbiota of animals including the human. Tuberculostearicum isolated from gm lesions is multidrug resistant 24 and c.
At least one third of our patients with c kroppenstedtii mastitis had psychiatric illness and 92 received antipsychotic medications. Kroppenstedtii have been tested for antimicrobial susceptibility and most data have been obtained using the disk diffusion method 9 20 21 23 29 32 33 the etest 23 27 33 and dilution in mueller hinton broth. Corynebacterium k ɔː ˈ r aɪ n ə b æ k ˌ t ɪər i ə m ˈ r ɪ n is a genus of bacteria that are gram positive and aerobic they are bacilli rod shaped and in some phases of life they are more particularly club shaped which inspired the genus name coryneform means club shaped.
This retrospective study of patients with corynebacterium kroppenstedtii infections revealed a predominance of mastitis and a potential association with psychiatric illnesses. Kroppenstedtii grew both aerobically and anaerobically on different media 1 3 4. Kroppenstedtii which typically affects young women of reproductive age can be challenging due to the presence of few organisms in clinical specimens often limited to cystic spaces poor gram staining of corynebacteria and fastidious growth in culture on routine media which was evident from our case presentation c.
25 the presence of drug resistance genes can be proven in. Kroppenstedtii may occasionally resist antimicrobial treatment. Given its rarity c kroppenstedtii may be overlooked as a causative pathogen.
As in our case protracted courses of antibiotics may be required for complete resolution. The diagnosis of granulomatous mastitis due to c. Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii is a difficult pathogen associated with granulomatous mastitis and recurrent breast abscesses.
Kroppenstedtii type strain has revealed a lipophilic lipid requiring lifestyle and a remarkable repertoire of carbohydrate uptake and utilization systems. 24 25 reportedly non kroppenstedtii corynebacterium particularly c. Thus we urge clinician awareness to facilitate prompt diagnosis and minimize invasive procedures.
Only a few clinical isolates of c. Almost all published cases of c. 25 many studies have reported that c.
Further study is needed as much remains to be understood regarding treatment strategies.
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